In the event of a conflict with China or Russia, the Naval Special Warfare community is expected to have an even larger role than it had during the counterterrorism and counterinsurgency campaigns of the Global War on Terrorism.
With most of the world covered by water, including oceans, lakes, and rivers, Navy SEALs and Special Warfare Combatant-Craft Crewmen operators are expected to be at the tip of the spear of the special-operations community if a conflict breaks out with Beijing or Moscow.
This community, however, will need to operate with conventional forces, such as submarine crews.
Earlier in the summer, Navy SEALs assigned to West Coast SEAL teams worked with the Los Angeles-class attack submarine USS Greeneville in fleet-interoperability training to boost their ability to fight together in the maritime domain.
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The SEALs flew in close to the submarine's position before conducting a military free-fall parachute jump off the coast of Southern California. They then used inflatable combat rubber raiding crafts to rendezvous with the sub at a designated location.
"This training opportunity provided the submarine warfighters aboard USS Greeneville the opportunity to practice a unique capability," Navy Capt. Kenneth Douglas, the commanding officer of Submarine Squadron 11, said after the exercise ended.
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The USS Greeneville is assigned to Submarine Squadron 11 and would be, in the event of a conflict, tasked with sinking enemy warships and transport vessels, in addition to leveraging its ability to carry special operators.
"Expanding joint interoperability capabilities effectively demonstrates our asymmetric advantage on and under the world's oceans, and I look forward to continued training events with our Naval Special Warfare operators," the sub's commanding officer said.
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Submarine operations are a great option to clandestinely transport small teams of special operators close to a target. Regardless of the specific mission of the special-operations team — it can be a special reconnaissance mission, direct-action raid, sabotage operation, hostage rescue, or personnel-recovery operation — submarine operations promise secrecy and security.
A war with China would involve a lot of naval action, and the combination of submarines and Navy SEALs could allow the US military to reach behind the Chinese lines and impose heavy costs as highly capable, rapidly deployable forces.
Navy Capt. Blake L. Chaney, the commander of Naval Special Warfare Group 1, said after the recent exercise that "by synchronizing our operations, activities, and investments, we not only bolster fleet lethality but also provide substantial value in securing access to either denied or contested areas."
The Navy's Virginia-class nuclear-powered attack submarines are equipped with specialized compartments that can host special operators, as well as facilitate their ingress and egress from target areas.
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"We've always worked with Big Navy. GWOT made it harder to work with submarines, but I'm sure that's changed now," a former Navy SEAL operator who now works for the federal government told Business Insider, referring to the Global War on Terrorism.
"Submarine ops are great because they present a great way to approach a target," the former frogman, who spoke on the condition of anonymity because of his sensitive work, added. He said that as long as everyone follows the necessary procedures, infiltrating and exfiltrating in this way "is a great option to have."
"Sub ops certainly present difficulties. There are strict procedures that everyone, crew and operators, need to follow to the letter. Otherwise, what would be an asset quickly becomes a liability," he said.
Frogmen do things like always swim in pairs and are tied with a rope so that no one gets lost or left behind. In January, Navy Special Warfare Operator 2nd Class Nathan Gage Ingram showed how seriously SEALs take this when he jumped into the dark waters of the Arabian Sea after his teammate, Navy Special Warfare Operator 1st Class Christopher J. Chambers, slipped and fell as they were boarding a suspect Houthi vessel. Both frogmen died.
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Notably, the Navy doesn't work solely with SEALs. Army Green Berets, Marine Raiders, and Force Reconnaissance Marines also have a combat-diver capability. Indeed, Marine Raiders were the first unit in US military history to use a submarine to get to their target for an assault against the Japanese garrison at Makin Island in 1942.
However, the main difference between these units and Navy SEALs is that the former use combat diving to get to the shore and carry out their normal mission sets, while the latter use combat diving to both get to the shore to attack enemy positions and engage in underwater reconnaissance.
Correction: August 12, 2024 — Due to an editing error, an earlier version of this article misspelled the name of the submarine on the first reference. It's the USS Greeneville, not Greenville.
